Intraocular pseudophakic contact lens with mechanism for securing by anterior leaflet of capsular wall and related system and method

ABSTRACT

An apparatus includes an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens having an optical lens and haptics extending radially from the optical lens and configured to be inserted under an anterior leaflet of a capsular wall in an eye in order to capture and confine the haptics under the anterior leaflet and secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens against an artificial intraocular lens in the eye. Anterior surfaces of the haptics are configured to contact an inner capsular wall surface at the anterior leaflet. Posterior surfaces of the haptics include ridges configured to capture at least one edge of the artificial intraocular lens in order to secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to the artificial intraocular lens. Different portions of the optical lens provide different amounts of magnification such that a first portion of the optical lens provides a first amount of magnification and a second portion of the optical lens provides a second amount of magnification.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/717,304 filed on Dec. 17, 2019, which is a continuation-in-part ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/398,627 filed on Apr. 30, 2019 (nowU.S. Pat. No. 10,945,832), which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 15/646,254 filed on Jul. 11, 2017 (now U.S.Pat. No. 10,299,910), which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/860,629 filed on Sep. 21, 2015 (now U.S. Pat.No. 10,159,562), which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/053,771 filed on Sep. 22, 2014.All of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to implantable optical devices. Morespecifically, this disclosure relates to an intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens with a mechanism for securing by an anterior leaflet of acapsular wall and a related system and method.

BACKGROUND

In a normal human eye, light enters through the cornea and passesthrough the pupil, and the natural crystalline lens focuses the lightonto the retina of the eye. However, due to cataracts or other problems,the natural crystalline lens of an eye may need to be replaced with anartificial intraocular lens (IOL). The term “pseudophakia” is used todescribe an eye in which the natural crystalline lens has been replacedwith an intraocular lens.

Before an intraocular lens is placed into a patient's eye, a doctor orother personnel typically selects an intraocular lens that is designedto provide desired refractive correction for the patient's eye. Forexample, an intraocular lens could have an optical lens designed tocorrect myopia (near-sightedness), hyperopia (far-sightedness),astigmatism, or other refractive errors that occur naturally in thepatient's eye. However, it is often the case that the intraocular lensselected for a patient's eye does not fully correct (and may even cause)some form of refractive error in the patient's eye. This refractiveerror is referred to as “residual” refractive error.

There are various conventional options for correcting residualrefractive error, all of which have their disadvantages. For example,one intraocular lens in a patient's eye could be replaced with adifferent intraocular lens, but this typically has a high risk ofsurgical complications. Ablation surgery (such as LASIK) on the corneaof a patient's eye could be done to correct residual refractive error,but this can have a high level of unwanted side effects, particularlyfor older patients. An additional intraocular lens (often referred to asa “piggyback” IOL) could be inserted in front of an existing intraocularlens, but this is typically an invasive procedure with lesspredictability associated with the final refractive outcome. Inaddition, intracorneal lenses (ICLs) can be inserted into the cornea ofa patient's eye, but this is often more invasive and has a high degreeof rejection. In general, the above procedures are typically notpredictable and have a higher degree of surgical risk. Also, the devicesused in the above procedures are difficult to remove and “reverse” anyresidual refractive error, resulting in a higher risk of leaving thepatient with induced visual aberration.

SUMMARY

This disclosure provides an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens with amechanism for securing by an anterior leaflet of a capsular wall and arelated system and method.

In a first embodiment, an apparatus includes an intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens having an optical lens and haptics extending radially fromthe optical lens and configured to be inserted under an anterior leafletof a capsular wall in an eye in order to capture and confine the hapticsunder the anterior leaflet and secure the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens against an artificial intraocular lens in the eye. Anteriorsurfaces of the haptics are configured to contact an inner capsular wallsurface at the anterior leaflet. Posterior surfaces of the hapticsinclude ridges configured to capture at least one edge of the artificialintraocular lens in order to secure the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens to the artificial intraocular lens. Different portions of theoptical lens provide different amounts of magnification such that afirst portion of the optical lens provides a first amount ofmagnification and a second portion of the optical lens provides a secondamount of magnification.

In a second embodiment, a system includes an artificial intraocular lenshaving a first optical lens and first haptics configured to be implantedwithin a capsular bag in an eye. The system also includes an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens having a second optical lens and secondhaptics extending radially from the second optical lens and configuredto be inserted under an anterior leaflet of a capsular wall in the eyein order to capture and confine the second haptics under the anteriorleaflet and secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens against theartificial intraocular lens in the eye. Anterior surfaces of the secondhaptics are configured to contact an inner capsular wall surface at theanterior leaflet. Posterior surfaces of the second haptics includeridges configured to capture at least one edge of the artificialintraocular lens in order to secure the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens to the artificial intraocular lens. Different portions of thesecond optical lens provide different amounts of magnification such thata first portion of the second optical lens provides a first amount ofmagnification and a second portion of the second optical lens provides asecond amount of magnification.

In a third embodiment, an apparatus includes an intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens having an optical lens and at least three haptics extendingradially from the optical lens and configured to be inserted under ananterior leaflet of a capsular wall in an eye in order to capture andconfine the haptics under the anterior leaflet and secure theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens against an artificial intraocularlens in the eye. Anterior surfaces of the haptics are configured tocontact an inner capsular wall surface at the anterior leaflet.Posterior surfaces of the haptics include ridges and lips projectinginward from the ridges, where the ridges and lips are configured tocapture at least one edge of the artificial intraocular lens in order tosecure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to the artificialintraocular lens. Each of the haptics includes an inner portion and anouter portion, where the inner portion of each haptic is positionedbetween the optical lens and the outer portion of the haptic and theinner portion of each haptic projects outward and posteriorly from theoptical lens. For each haptic, the ridge is defined where a largerthickness of the outer portion of the haptic meets a smaller thicknessof the inner portion of the haptic. Different portions of the opticallens provide different amounts of magnification such that a firstportion of the optical lens provides a specified amount of magnificationand a second portion of the optical lens provides less or nomagnification relative to the specified amount of magnification.

Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in theart from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its features,reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunctionwith the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGS. 1 through 3 illustrate a first example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a second example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 6 through 8 illustrate a third example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a fourth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a fifth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIG. 13 illustrates a sixth example intraocular pseudophakic contactlens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate a seventh example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 16 through 18 illustrate an eighth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 19 through 21 illustrate a ninth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 22 through 24 illustrate a tenth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 25 through 27 illustrate an eleventh example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 28 through 30 illustrate a twelfth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 31 through 33 illustrate a thirteenth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens according to this disclosure;

FIGS. 34 through 36 illustrate a fourteenth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens according to this disclosure;

FIG. 37 illustrates an example intraocular lens and an exampleintraocular pseudophakic contact lens in a patient's eye according tothis disclosure; and

FIG. 38 illustrates an example method for using an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens with an intraocular lens according to thisdisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIGS. 1 through 38, discussed below, and the various embodiments used todescribe the principles of the present invention in this patent documentare by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any wayto limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art willunderstand that the principles of the invention may be implemented inany type of suitably arranged device or system.

This disclosure provides various intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses(IOPCLs) that can be used in conjunction with intraocular lenses (IOLs).An intraocular pseudophakic contact lens generally represents a contactlens-type device that can be implanted within a patient's eye and placedon the anterior surface of an intraocular lens in the patient's eye. Insome embodiments, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenssubstantially corrects residual refractive error present afterimplantation of the intraocular lens, such as after a lensectomy(cataract) procedure. In other embodiments, the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens provides some other form of vision correction when placedon the intraocular lens in the patient's eye. In addition, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens includes haptics or othermechanisms allowing the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to beconfined/captured by the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in thepatient's eye. In some instances, the haptics or other mechanisms canactually attach to the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall, such asthrough fibrosis during the healing process, to help to secure theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens in place.

Unlike conventional approaches, an intraocular pseudophakic contact lenscan be implanted with less surgical risk. Moreover, an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens allows a patient to see immediately afterimplantation of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens. Further, anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens can be easily replaced if adifferent lens is needed, such as to correct residual refractive erroror to provide some other form of vision correction, or even removed ifnecessary. In addition, with techniques such as intraoperative wavefrontaberrometry now available, refractive outcome can be measured during theactual procedure in which an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens isbeing implanted, which helps to identify immediately that a desiredrefractive target is obtained.

FIGS. 1 through 3 illustrate a first example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 100 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 1illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens100, FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 100, and FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 100.

As shown in FIGS. 1 through 3, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens100 includes an optical lens 102. The optical lens 102 denotes theportion of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 that alterslight passing through the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100. Thelight that passes through the optical lens 102 then travels through anassociated intraocular lens before reaching the retina of a patient'seye.

The optical lens 102 can be formed from any suitable material(s), suchas silicone or acrylic. The optical lens 102 can also be formed in anysuitable manner, such as by using a mold or lathe cut manufacturingprocess. Different lenses 102 can be designed and manufactured toprovide a wide range of diopters, and each optical lens 102 can bedesigned to correct any suitable refractive error(s) or provide othersuitable vision correction. Example types of refractive errors that canbe corrected include myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.

The optical lens 102 in this example has a convex top surface and aconcave bottom surface. However, the optical lens 102 can have any othersuitable shape, which could depend (at least in part) on the type ofrefractive error(s) being corrected or other vision correction beingmade. As particular examples, the optical lens 102 could be convex,concave, spherical, aspherical, toric, mono-focal, or multi-focal. Thespecific lens platform used as the optical lens 102 in the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 100 can be selected to provide the desiredrefractive correction or other vision correction in a patient's eye. Theoptical lens 102 could also include various other features as needed ordesired, such as when the optical lens 102 is weighted (like at itsbottom) so that the optical lens 102 orients itself on an intraocularlens in a desired orientation (like for toric platforms) or when theoptical lens 102 is tinted, is photochromic, or includes an ultraviolet(UV) absorber.

Multiple haptics 104 a-104 b extend from multiple sides of the opticallens 102. The haptics 104 a-104 b are sized and shaped so that theyextend a short distance from the optical lens 102 and fit under theanterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye afterimplantation. Each haptic 104 a-104 b could be formed from any suitablematerial(s) and in any suitable manner. For example, each haptic 104a-104 b could be formed from the same material(s) as the optical lens102. Note that while two haptics 104 a-104 b are shown here, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 could include any number ofhaptics, including a single haptic. Also note that while the haptics 104a-104 b angle downward, the haptics 104 a-104 b could have any othersuitable arrangement.

In this example, the haptics 104 a-104 b are separated from the opticallens 102 by projections or extensions 106 that project from the sides ofthe optical lens 102. These extensions 106 represents portions of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 in which ends of the haptics104 a-104 b could be embedded. Each extension 106 could be formed fromany suitable material(s) and in any suitable manner. For example, eachextension 106 could represent a portion of the material(s) forming theoptical lens 102 and therefore represent an extension of the opticallens 102 itself. However, this need not be the case. For instance, theoptical lens 102 could be placed within a retaining ring that isintegral with or attached to the extensions 106, or the extensions 106could be secured to the optical lens 102 itself using adhesive or othersuitable connecting mechanism.

Note that while two extensions 106 are shown here, the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 100 could include any number of extensions,including a single extension. Also note that the presence of theextensions 106 is not required and that the haptics 104 a-104 b could beintegrated directly with the optical lens 102. In those embodiments, thehaptics 104 a-104 b could represent portions of the material(s) formingthe optical lens 102, although this need not be the case. For instance,the optical lens 102 could be placed within a retaining ring that isintegral with or attached to the haptics 104 a-104 b, or the haptics 104a-104 b could be secured to the optical lens 102 itself using adhesiveor other suitable connecting mechanism.

Each of the haptics 104 a-104 b includes a textured surface 108, whichin this example is formed using various holes formed partially orcompletely through the haptics 104 a-104 b. The textured surfaces 108allow the haptics 104 a-104 b to be captured and confined by theanterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's pseudophakic eye.In some cases, the textured surfaces 108 allow the haptics 104 a-104 bto actually physically bond to the anterior leaflet of the capsular wallin the patient's eye, such as through fibrosis during the healingprocess. The haptics 104 a-104 b help to secure the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 100 in place on an intraocular lens. Note thatthe numbers and sizes of the holes in the textured surfaces 108 are forillustration only and that the haptics 104 a-104 b could includedifferent numbers and sizes of holes. For instance, the haptics 104a-104 b could include a large number of very small holes or otherstructures forming a texture that promotes confinement, capture, orattachment to the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

The anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye istypically created during a capsulotomy in which the natural crystallinelens in the patient's eye is removed and replaced with an intraocularlens. The anterior leaflet represents the outer portion of the frontside of the capsular bag that remains after an opening (referred to as acapsulorhexis) is formed in the capsular bag so that the naturalcrystalline lens can be removed. In some cases, this could occur longbefore the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 is to be implanted.After the capsulotomy, the anterior leaflet of the capsular walltypically shrinks and undergoes fibrosis during the healing process.

When the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 is inserted into thepatient's eye, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100 can bepositioned so that the haptics 104 a-104 b extend under the anteriorleaflet in the patient's eye. This allows the haptics 104 a-104 b to becaptured and confined by the anterior leaflet. The haptics 104 a-104 bcould also be physically attached to the anterior leaflet over time,such as by way of a “re-fibrosis” of the anterior leaflet. Thisre-fibrosis of tissue will bond to and cover part or all of the haptics104 a-104 b, further securing the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens100 in place. Note, however, that the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 100 could also be implanted during the same procedure in which theintraocular lens is being implanted. In that case, the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 100 could be secured by the haptics 104 a-104b and possibly during fibrosis (and not re-fibrosis) within thepatient's eye.

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a second example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 400 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 4illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens400, and FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 400.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400has various components that are the same as or similar to those formingthe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 100. For example, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400 includes an optical lens 402,multiple haptics 404 a-404 b, and optionally multiple extensions 406.The haptics 404 a-404 b include textured surfaces 408.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400 also includes one or morepins 410. Each pin 410 projects downward from an extension 406 or fromthe inner end of a haptic 404 a-404 b. The pin(s) 410 can be used topierce the anterior surface of an intraocular lens or to rest on theanterior surface of the intraocular lens. In addition to thecapture/confinement of the haptics 404 a-404 b by the anterior leaflet,the pins 410 can help to further hold the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 400 in place and resist slipping of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 400. In some cases, the pins 410 could be usedto prevent movement of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400during the period immediately after implantation and before the haptics404 a-404 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400 have bondedto the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in the patient's eye (suchas via fibrosis).

Each pin 410 could be formed from any suitable material(s) and in anysuitable manner. Note that while two pins 410 are shown here, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400 could include any number ofpins, including a single pin. Also note that while the pins 410 here areshown as having sharp ends, this need not be the case. For example, thepins 410 could have rounded or blunted surfaces to help the pins 410 siton (without piercing) the anterior surface of an intraocular lens. Inaddition, while the pins 410 are shown here as extending through orbeing embedded within the extensions 406, the pins 410 could be locatedin any other suitable position(s). For instance, the pins 410 could bemoved to the outer ends of the haptics 404 a-404 b, or additional pins410 could be placed at the outer ends of the haptics 404 a-404 b.

As noted above, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 400 can beimplanted during the same procedure in which an intraocular lens isbeing implanted or during a subsequent procedure after the intraocularlens has already been implanted in a patient's eye. The anterior leafletof the capsular wall of the patient's eye could be used to capture andconfine the haptics 404 a-404 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 400 under the anterior leaflet, and optionally fibrosis orre-fibrosis could occur to attach the haptics 404 a-404 b to thepatient's eye. The pins 410 can be used to help hold the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 400 in place.

FIGS. 6 through 8 illustrate a third example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 600 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 6illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens600, FIG. 7 illustrates a top view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 600, and FIG. 8 illustrates a side view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 600.

As shown in FIGS. 6 through 8, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens600 includes an optical lens 602, which may be the same as or similar tothe optical lenses 202 and 402 described above. The intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 600 also includes multiple haptics 604 a-604 band optionally multiple extensions 606. The haptics 604 a-604 b here areformed by loops of material, such as metal or plastic. The ends of thehaptics 604 a-604 b are embedded within the extensions 606 in thisexample, although the extensions 606 could be omitted and the haptics604 a-604 b could be coupled to the optical lens 602 or to a retainingring in which the optical lens 602 is placed. Note that while thehaptics 604 a-604 b angle downward, the haptics 604 a-604 b could haveany other suitable arrangement. Each of the haptics 604 a-604 b couldinclude a textured surface that facilitates confinement, capture, orattachment to the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 600 can be implanted duringthe same procedure in which an intraocular lens is being implanted orduring a subsequent procedure after the intraocular lens has alreadybeen implanted in a patient's eye. The anterior leaflet of the capsularwall of the patient's eye could be used to capture and confine thehaptics 604 a-604 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 600under the anterior leaflet, and optionally fibrosis or re-fibrosis couldoccur to attach the haptics 604 a-604 b to the patient's eye.

FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a fourth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 900 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 9illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens900, and FIG. 10 illustrates a side view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 900.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens900 has various components that are the same as or similar to thoseforming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 600. For example, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900 includes an optical lens 902,multiple haptics 904 a-904 b, and optionally multiple extensions 906.The haptics 904 a-904 b form small loops that are sized and shaped sothat they extend a short distance from the optical lens 902 and fitunder the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye afterimplantation. Each of the haptics 904 a-904 b could include a texturedsurface that facilitates confinement, capture, or attachment to theanterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900 also includes one or morepins 908. Each pin 908 projects downward from an extension 906 or fromthe inner end of a haptic 904 a-904 b. The pin(s) 908 can be used topierce the anterior surface of an intraocular lens or to rest on theanterior surface of the intraocular lens. In addition to thecapture/confinement of the haptics 904 a-904 b by the anterior leaflet,the pins 908 can help to further hold the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 900 in place and resist slipping of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 900. In some cases, the pins 908 could be usedto prevent movement of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900during the period immediately after implantation and before the haptics904 a-904 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900 have bondedto the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in the patient's eye (suchas via fibrosis).

Each pin 908 could be formed from any suitable material(s) and in anysuitable manner. Note that while two pins 908 are shown here, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900 could include any number ofpins, including a single pin. Also note that while the pins 908 here areshown as having sharp ends, this need not be the case. For example, thepins 908 could have rounded or blunted surfaces to help the pins 908 siton (without piercing) the anterior surface of an intraocular lens. Inaddition, while the pins 908 are shown here as extending through orbeing embedded within the extensions 906, the pins 908 could be locatedin any other suitable position(s). For instance, the pins 908 could bemoved to the outer ends of the haptics 904 a-904 b, or additional pins908 could be placed at the outer ends of the haptics 904 a-904 b.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900 can be implanted duringthe same procedure in which an intraocular lens is being implanted orduring a subsequent procedure after the intraocular lens has alreadybeen implanted in a patient's eye. The anterior leaflet of the capsularwall of the patient's eye could be used to capture and confine thehaptics 904 a-904 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900under the anterior leaflet, and optionally fibrosis or re-fibrosis couldoccur to attach the haptics 904 a-904 b to the patient's eye. The pins908 can be used to help hold the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens900 in place.

FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a fifth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 1100 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 11illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1100, and FIG. 12 illustrates a side view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1100.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1100 has various components that are the same as or similar to thoseforming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 900. For example, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 includes an optical lens1102, multiple haptics 1104 a-1104 b, and optionally multiple extensions1106. The haptics 1104 a-1104 b form small loops that are sized andshaped so that they extend a short distance from the optical lens 1102and fit under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient'seye after implantation. Each of the haptics 1104 a-1104 b could includea textured surface that facilitates confinement, capture, or attachmentto the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 also includes one or morepins 1108. Each pin 1108 projects downward from the outer end of ahaptic 1104 a-1104 b. The pins 1108 are therefore positioned fartheraway from the optical lens 1102 compared to the pins 908. This may allowthe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 to be used with largerintraocular lenses. This may also allow the pins 1108 to extend to orbeyond the edges of an intraocular lens, which could help theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 to lock onto the anteriorsurface or sides of the intraocular lens or to reduce sliding of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 on the intraocular lens.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100 can be implanted duringthe same procedure in which an intraocular lens is being implanted orduring a subsequent procedure after the intraocular lens has alreadybeen implanted in a patient's eye. The anterior leaflet of the capsularwall of the patient's eye could be used to capture and confine thehaptics 1104 a-1104 b of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1100under the anterior leaflet, and optionally fibrosis or re-fibrosis couldoccur to attach the haptics 1104 a-1104 b to the patient's eye. The pins1108 can be used to help hold the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1100 in place.

FIG. 13 illustrates a sixth example intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 1300 according to this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1300 includes an optical lens 1302and multiple haptics 1304 a-1304 c. The optical lens 1302 could be thesame as or similar to the various optical lenses described above.

In this example, the haptics 1304 a-1304 c are formed by largeprojections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 1302, wherethe projections have a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges ofthe projections. This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 1304a-1304 c under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient'seye. Each of the haptics 1304 a-1304 c could include a textured surface,such as a number of holes or other structures, that promotesconfinement, capture, or attachment to the anterior leaflet of thecapsular wall. While three haptics 1304 a-1304 c are shown here, othernumbers of haptics could also be used.

FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate a seventh example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 1400 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 14illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1400, and FIG. 15 illustrates a cross-sectional view through the middleof the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1400.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1400 includes an optical lens 1402 and multiple haptics 1404 a-1404 b.The optical lens 1402 could be the same as or similar to the variousoptical lenses described above. Each of the haptics 1404 a-1404 b couldinclude a textured surface, such as a number of holes or otherstructures, that promotes confinement, capture, or attachment to theanterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

In this example, the haptics 1404 a-1404 b are formed by largerprojections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 1402. Eachhaptic 1404 a-1404 b includes an inner portion 1406 that is connected tothe optical lens 1402 and an outer portion 1408 that is connected to theinner portion 1406, effectively forming long “wings” extending from theoptical lens 1402. The outer portions 1408 have a thickness that taperstowards the outer edges of the haptics 1404 a-1404 b, which facilitateseasier insertion of the haptics 1404 a-1404 b under the anterior leafletof the capsular wall in a patient's eye. The inner portion 1406 projectsoutward and downward in this example, while the outer portion 1408projects outward and slightly upward in this example (although otherforms could also be used). This shape allows the haptics 1404 a-1404 bto be used with larger intraocular lenses while still extending underthe anterior leaflet of the capsular wall.

Each of the haptics 1404 a-1404 b also includes a ridge 1410, andmultiple ridges 1410 of multiple haptics 1404 a-1404 b can be used tocapture one or more edges of the underlying intraocular lens. This canhelp to center the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1400 on theintraocular lens. This can also help to retain the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1400 in place on the intraocular lens duringthe healing process.

FIGS. 16 through 18 illustrate an eighth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1600 according to this disclosure. Inparticular, FIG. 16 illustrates an oblique view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1600, FIG. 17 illustrates a top view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600, and FIG. 18 illustrates across-sectional view through the middle of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 1600.

As shown in FIGS. 16 through 18, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 1600 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1400. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600 includes anoptical lens 1602 and multiple haptics 1604 a-1604 b. The haptics 1604a-1604 b are formed by larger projections that extend from the sides ofthe optical lens 1602. Each haptic 1604 a-1604 b includes an innerportion 1606 that is connected to the optical lens 1602 (or to aretaining ring in which the optical lens 1602 is located) and an outerportion 1608 that is connected to the inner portion 1606. The outerportions 1608 have a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges ofthe haptics 1604 a-1604 b, which facilitates easier insertion of thehaptics 1604 a-1604 b under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall ina patient's eye. The inner portion 1606 and the outer portion 1608 bothproject outward and straight in this example (although other forms couldalso be used). This shape allows the haptics 1604 a-1604 b to be usedwith larger intraocular lenses while still extending under the anteriorleaflet of the capsular wall.

Each of the haptics 1604 a-1604 b also includes a ridge 1610, andmultiple ridges 1610 of multiple haptics 1604 a-1604 b can be used tocapture one or more edges of the underlying intraocular lens. This canhelp to center the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600 on theintraocular lens. This can also help to retain the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1600 in place on the intraocular lens duringthe healing process.

In addition, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600 hereincludes multiple segments 1612 located along the sides of the opticallens 1602. The segments 1612 denote projections from the optical lens1602, and at least some of the segments 1612 could be coupled to thehaptics 1604 a-1604 b (such as when ends of the haptics 1604 a-1604 bare embedded in the segments 1612). The segments 1612 extend downward sothat the bottom surfaces of the segments 1612 are located below theoptical lens 1602. As a result, when implanted into a patient's eye, thesegments 1612 keep the optical lens 1602 separated from the underlyingintraocular lens. Depending on the shape of the posterior surface of theoptical lens 1602 and the shape of the anterior surface of theunderlying intraocular lens, this could elevate the optical lens 1602over an optical lens within the underlying intraocular lens so that theoptical lenses do not contact each other.

Each of the segments 1612 could be formed from any suitable material(s)and in any suitable manner. For example, each segment 1612 couldrepresent a portion of the material(s) forming the optical lens 1602 andtherefore represent an extension of the optical lens 1602 itself.However, this need not be the case. For instance, the optical lens 1602could be placed within a retaining ring that is integral with orattached to the segments 1612, or the segments 1612 could be secured tothe optical lens 1602 itself using adhesive or other suitable connectingmechanism. Each of the segments 1612 could also have any suitable size,shape, and dimensions. For example, the segments 1612 could be smalleror larger (relative to the other structures) than what is shown in FIGS.16 through 18. As another example, the segments 1612 could denote curvedstructures that leave small open areas between the segments 1612 and theoptical lens 1602, or the segments 1612 could be solid structures thatleave no open areas between the segments 1612 and the optical lens 1602.

The ability to space the optical lens 1602 away from the underlyingintraocular lens could provide various benefits. For example, elevatingthe optical lens 1602 over the underlying intraocular lens may allow foran increase in aqueous flow between the anterior surface of theintraocular lens and the posterior surface of the optical lens 1602. Anincreased flow of aqueous between the lenses could help to reduce lensdeposits on either or both of the lenses. Also, the presence of aqueousbetween the lenses can help to improve the optic or image quality of thecombined lens system. In addition, by providing more space between thelenses, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600 could be usedwith a wider range of intraocular lenses that have varying anteriorcurvature surfaces, allowing the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1600 to be used with a wider range of intraocular lens models andpowers.

FIGS. 19 through 21 illustrate a ninth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 1900 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 19illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens1900, FIG. 20 illustrates a top view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 1900, and FIG. 21 illustrates a cross-sectional viewthrough the middle of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1900.

As shown in FIGS. 19 through 21, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 1900 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1900 includes anoptical lens 1902 and multiple haptics 1904 a-1904 b. The haptics 1904a-1904 b are formed by larger projections that extend from the sides ofthe optical lens 1902. Each haptic 1904 a-1904 b includes an innerportion 1906 that is connected to the optical lens 1902 (or to aretaining ring in which the optical lens 1902 is located) and an outerportion 1908 that is connected to the inner portion 1906. Each of thehaptics 1904 a-1904 b also includes a ridge 1910, and multiple ridges1910 of multiple haptics 1904 a-1904 b can be used to capture one ormore edges of the underlying intraocular lens. In addition, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1900 includes multiple segments1912 along the sides of the optical lens 1902. The segments 1912 extenddownward so that the bottom surfaces of the segments 1912 are locatedbelow the optical lens 1902.

The haptics 1904 a-1904 b in this example include thicker outer portions1908 with larger ridges 1910 compared to the corresponding components ofthe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1600. This allows the haptics1904 a-1904 b to be used with even larger intraocular lenses. Moreover,each of the ridges 1910 includes a lip 1911 that can facilitate thecapture of the underlying intraocular lens. Each of the lips 1911denotes any suitable inward projection from the corresponding ridge1910.

Again, when implanted into a patient's eye, the segments 1912 help tokeep the optical lens 1902 separated from the underlying intraocularlens. Depending on the shape of the posterior surface of the opticallens 1902 and the shape of the anterior surface of the underlyingintraocular lens, this could elevate the optical lens 1902 over anoptical lens within the underlying intraocular lens so that the opticallenses do not contact each other. The ability to space the optical lens1902 away from the underlying intraocular lens could provide variousbenefits, such as those described above with respect to the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 1600.

FIGS. 22 through 24 illustrate a tenth example intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 2200 according to this disclosure. In particular, FIG. 22illustrates an oblique view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens2200, FIG. 23 illustrates a top view of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 2200, and FIG. 24 illustrates a side view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2200.

As shown in FIGS. 22 through 24, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 2200 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 1400. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2200 includes anoptical lens 2202 and multiple haptics 2204 a-2204 c. The haptics 2204a-2204 c are formed by projections that extend from the sides of theoptical lens 2202. Each haptic 2204 a-2204 c includes an inner portion2206 that is connected to the optical lens 2202 (or to a retaining ringin which the optical lens 2202 is located) and an outer portion 2208that is connected to the inner portion 2206. Each of the haptics 2204a-2204 c also includes a ridge 2210, and multiple ridges 2210 ofmultiple haptics 2204 a-2204 c can be used to capture one or more edgesof the underlying intraocular lens. While not shown here, at least oneof the ridges 2210 may include a lip, which can be the same as orsimilar to the lip 1911 and which can facilitate the capture andretention of the underlying intraocular lens.

In this example, the haptics 2204 a-2204 c are formed by largeprojections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 2202, wherethe projections have a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges ofthe projections. This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 2204a-2204 c under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient'seye. Each of the haptics 2204 a-2204 c could include a textured surface,such as a number of holes or other structures, that promotesconfinement, capture, or attachment to the anterior leaflet of thecapsular wall. While three haptics 2204 a-2204 c are shown here, othernumbers of haptics could also be used. In some embodiments, the haptics2204 a-2204 c can be positioned at an even spacing of 120°.

Also in this example, an alignment marking 2212 is provided on one ofthe haptics 2204 b. In this particular example, the alignment marking2212 represents the letter “R,” although any other suitable marking(s)may be used here in any suitable location(s). The alignment marking 2212can be used to identify the proper orientation of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2200, such as by identifying the haptic 2204 bthat is to be positioned on the right side of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2200 (from the perspective of the surgeon orother medical personnel) after implantation.

FIGS. 25 through 27 illustrate an eleventh example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2500 according to this disclosure. Inparticular, FIG. 25 illustrates an oblique view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2500, FIG. 26 illustrates a top view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2500, and FIG. 27 illustrates aside view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2500.

As shown in FIGS. 25 through 27, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 2500 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2200. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2500 includes anoptical lens 2502 and multiple haptics 2504 a-2504 d. The haptics 2504a-2504 d are formed by projections that extend from the sides of theoptical lens 2502. Each haptic 2504 a-2504 d includes an inner portion2506 that is connected to the optical lens 2502 (or to a retaining ringin which the optical lens 2502 is located) and an outer portion 2508that is connected to the inner portion 2506. Each of the haptics 2504a-2504 d also includes a ridge 2510, and multiple ridges 2510 ofmultiple haptics 2504 a-2504 d can be used to capture one or more edgesof the underlying intraocular lens. While not shown here, at least oneof the ridges 2510 may include a lip, which can be the same as orsimilar to the lip 1911 and which can facilitate the capture andretention of the underlying intraocular lens.

In this example, the haptics 2504 a-2504 d are formed by largeprojections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 2502, wherethe projections have a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges ofthe projections. This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 2504a-2504 d under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in a patient'seye. Each of the haptics 2504 a-2504 d could include a textured surface,such as a number of holes or other structures, that promotesconfinement, capture, or attachment to the anterior leaflet of thecapsular wall. While four haptics 2504 a-2504 d are shown here in twogroups on opposite sides of the optical lens 2502, other numbers andarrangements of haptics could also be used.

FIGS. 28 through 30 illustrate a twelfth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2800 according to this disclosure. Inparticular, FIG. 28 illustrates a top view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 2800, FIG. 29 illustrates a side view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2800, and FIG. 30 illustrates abottom view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2800.

As shown in FIGS. 28 through 30, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 2800 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2200. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2800 includes anoptical lens 2802 and multiple haptics 2804. The haptics 2804 are formedby projections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 2802. Eachhaptic 2804 includes an inner portion 2806 that is connected to theoptical lens 2802 (or to a retaining ring in which the optical lens 2802is located) and an outer portion 2808 that is connected to the innerportion 2806. Each of the haptics 2804 also includes a ridge 2810, andmultiple ridges 2810 of multiple haptics 2804 can be used to capture oneor more edges of the underlying intraocular lens. While not shown here,at least one of the ridges 2810 may include a lip, which can be the sameas or similar to the lip 1911 and which can facilitate the capture andretention of the underlying intraocular lens.

In this example, the haptics 2804 are formed by large projections thatextend from the sides of the optical lens 2802, where the projectionshave a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges of the projections.This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 2804 under the anteriorleaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye. Each of the haptics2804 could include a textured surface, such as a number of holes orother structures, that promotes confinement, capture, or attachment tothe anterior leaflet of the capsular wall. While three haptics 2804 areshown here, other numbers and arrangements of haptics could also beused.

In this example, the optical lens 2802 of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 2800 includes a first lens portion 2812 and a second lensportion 2814. The two portions 2812-2814 of the optical lens 2802 may beused to provide different levels of optical magnification. In thisexample, for instance, the first lens portion 2812 may provide aspecified amount of magnification (or possibly little or nomagnification), and the second lens portion 2814 may provide a higherspecified amount of magnification. In some embodiments, the second lensportion 2814 may represent a “full seg” of added magnification comparedto the first lens portion 2812. Note that the amount of magnificationprovided by each of the lens portions 2812-2814 may or may not be basedon any residual refractive error in a patient's eye. Also note thatwhile the lens portion 2814 with additional magnification is placed atthe bottom of the optical lens 2802, a lens portion with additionalmagnification may be placed in any other suitable location(s) or alongany other suitable axis or axes of the optical lens 2802. Further notethat the sizes and shapes of the lens portions 2812-2814 can vary asneeded or desired.

FIGS. 31 through 33 illustrate a thirteenth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3100 according to this disclosure. Inparticular, FIG. 31 illustrates a top view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3100, FIG. 32 illustrates a side view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3100, and FIG. 33 illustrates abottom view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3100.

As shown in FIGS. 31 through 33, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 3100 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2800. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3100 includes anoptical lens 3102 and multiple haptics 3104. The haptics 3104 are formedby projections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 3102. Eachhaptic 3104 includes an inner portion 3106 that is connected to theoptical lens 3102 (or to a retaining ring in which the optical lens 3102is located) and an outer portion 3108 that is connected to the innerportion 3106. Each of the haptics 3104 also includes a ridge 3110, andmultiple ridges 3110 of multiple haptics 3104 can be used to capture oneor more edges of the underlying intraocular lens. While not shown here,at least one of the ridges 3110 may include a lip, which can be the sameas or similar to the lip 1911 and which can facilitate the capture andretention of the underlying intraocular lens.

In this example, the haptics 3104 are formed by large projections thatextend from the sides of the optical lens 3102, where the projectionshave a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges of the projections.This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 3104 under the anteriorleaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye. Each of the haptics3104 could include a textured surface, such as a number of holes orother structures, that promotes confinement, capture, or attachment tothe anterior leaflet of the capsular wall. While three haptics 3104 areshown here, other numbers and arrangements of haptics could also beused.

In this example, the optical lens 3102 of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3100 includes a first lens portion 3112 and a second lensportion 3114. The two portions 3112-3114 of the optical lens 3102 may beused to provide different levels of optical magnification. In thisexample, for instance, the first lens portion 3112 may provide aspecified amount of magnification (or possibly little or nomagnification), and the second lens portion 3114 may provide a higherspecified amount of magnification. Note that the amount of magnificationprovided by each of the lens portions 3112-3114 may or may not be basedon any residual refractive error in a patient's eye. Also note thatwhile the lens portion 3114 with additional magnification is placed inthe center of the optical lens 3102, a lens portion with additionalmagnification may be placed in any other suitable location(s) or alongany other suitable axis or axes of the optical lens 3102. Further notethat the sizes and shapes of the lens portions 3112-3114 can vary asneeded or desired.

FIGS. 34 through 36 illustrate a fourteenth example intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3400 according to this disclosure. Inparticular, FIG. 34 illustrates a top view of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3400, FIG. 29 illustrates a side view of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3400, and FIG. 36 illustrates abottom view of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3400.

As shown in FIGS. 34 through 36, the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 3400 has various components that are the same as or similar tothose forming the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 2800. Forexample, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3400 includes anoptical lens 3402 and multiple haptics 3404. The haptics 3404 are formedby projections that extend from the sides of the optical lens 3402. Eachhaptic 3404 includes an inner portion 3406 that is connected to theoptical lens 3402 (or to a retaining ring in which the optical lens 3402is located) and an outer portion 3408 that is connected to the innerportion 3406. Each of the haptics 3404 also includes a ridge 3410, andmultiple ridges 3410 of multiple haptics 3404 can be used to capture oneor more edges of the underlying intraocular lens. While not shown here,at least one of the ridges 3410 may include a lip, which can be the sameas or similar to the lip 1911 and which can facilitate the capture andretention of the underlying intraocular lens.

In this example, the haptics 3404 are formed by large projections thatextend from the sides of the optical lens 3402, where the projectionshave a thickness that tapers towards the outer edges of the projections.This facilitates easier insertion of the haptics 3404 under the anteriorleaflet of the capsular wall in a patient's eye. Each of the haptics3404 could include a textured surface, such as a number of holes orother structures, that promotes confinement, capture, or attachment tothe anterior leaflet of the capsular wall. While three haptics 3404 areshown here, other numbers and arrangements of haptics could also beused.

In this example, the optical lens 3402 of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3400 includes a first lens portion 3412 and a second lensportion 3414. The two portions 3412-3414 of the optical lens 3402 may beused to provide different levels of optical magnification. In thisexample, for instance, the first lens portion 3412 may provide aspecified amount of magnification (or possibly little or nomagnification), and the second lens portion 3414 may provide a higherspecified amount of magnification. In some embodiments, the second lensportion 3414 may represent a “small seg” of added magnification comparedto the first lens portion 3412. Note that the amount of magnificationprovided by each of the lens portions 3412-3414 may or may not be basedon any residual refractive error in a patient's eye. Also note thatwhile the lens portion 3414 with additional magnification is placed nearthe bottom of the optical lens 3402, a lens portion with additionalmagnification may be placed in any other suitable location(s) or alongany other suitable axis or axes of the optical lens 3402. Further notethat the sizes and shapes of the lens portions 3412-3414 can vary asneeded or desired.

While various prior approaches have secured an “add-on” lens to anintraocular lens, these prior approaches require a specific add-on lensto be designed for use with a specific intraocular lens and the specificintraocular lens to be designed for use with the specific add-on lens.That is, the add-on lens can only be used with a specific type ofintraocular lens, where that intraocular lens is designed specificallyfor use with that add-on lens. As particular examples, an add-on lensmay include haptics or other structures that are designed to mate withcorresponding structures of specific intraocular lenses, or anintraocular lens may have a recess designed to receive a specific typeof add-on lens. This can be problematic for a number of reasons. Forinstance, many patients already have existing intraocular lenses, and itmay be impractical or even dangerous to try to remove those existingintraocular lenses in order to implant new intraocular lenses that aredesigned for use with add-on lenses.

The embodiments of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses shown inFIGS. 1 through 36 can help to alleviate these problems since theintraocular pseudophakic contact lenses can be secured over intraocularlenses by capturing and confining the haptics of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lenses using the anterior leaflets of capsularwalls. In some cases, this could also involve physical bonding of thehaptics to the anterior leaflets of capsular walls, such as via afibrosis or re-fibrosis mechanism. In other words, the intraocularpseudophakic contact lenses do not need to be designed to workspecifically with particular structures of any specific intraocularlens. The intraocular lens being used with an intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens need not have any predefined structures that are providedfor coupling to an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens. Rather, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lenses of FIGS. 1 through 36 can simplybe sized so that, when the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens isplaced on an intraocular lens, it can be secured in place throughcapture and confinement by (and possibly bonding with) the anteriorleaflet of the capsular wall. This allows the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lenses of FIGS. 1 through 36 to be used with a wide variety ofintraocular lenses, including different types of intraocular lenses andincluding existing intraocular lenses already implanted into patients.There is no need to remove an existing intraocular lens from a patientin order to install a new intraocular lens and an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens.

Moreover, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses of FIGS. 1 through36 could be easily removed from patients' eyes, such as any suitabletime after implantation or prior to bonding of the haptics to thecapsular walls (assuming fibrosis or re-fibrosis holds the intraocularpseudophakic contact lenses in place). Among other things, this allowsone intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to be removed and replacedwith a different intraocular pseudophakic contact lens if a differentrefractive correction or other vision correction is needed or desired.

The various intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses described abovecould have any suitable size, shape, and dimensions. For example, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lenses could be made available in arange of diameters from about 4 mm to about 6 mm. Also, the intraocularpseudophakic contact lenses could be made available with varying basecurvatures for their optical lenses. Of course, an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens could also be custom designed for a particularpatient's eye, such as when one or more specific curvatures are neededto correct for residual refractive error or to provide other desiredvision correction in the particular patient's eye.

The intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses disclosed here can beimplanted non-invasively in patients' eyes and easily positioned onintraocular lenses. The implantation is non-invasive because anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens is being installed on the anteriorsurface of an intraocular lens, which is typically easily accessible bya surgeon or other personnel during an implantation procedure. Theimplantation is also non-invasive because the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lenses can be attached to intraocular lenses without requiringattachment of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses to anatomicalstructures within the patients' eyes, such as to the suculus of apatient's eye.

The non-invasive implantation and easy positioning of an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens provide a safe and effective refractivesurgical procedure to correct unwanted residual refractive error orprovide some other desired vision correction, such as after a lensectomyprocedure. As a refractive modality, the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lenses contribute to a surgeon's ability to alter the currentrefractive error of a pseudophakic patient or otherwise alter the visionof the pseudophakic patient in an effort to adjust the patient's visionto achieve a finely-tuned desired refraction. Specific examples of thisfunctionality include allowing adjustments to a patient's eye in orderto achieve unilateral or bilateral emmetropia, to induce unilateralmyopia to allow for intermediate and near visual function, to introducemulti-focality, and to treat unwanted residual astigmatism.

If the haptics of an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens includeridges along their bottom surfaces, the ridges can be used to center theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens on an underlying intraocular lensas described above. If the intraocular pseudophakic contact lensincludes three haptics with associated ridges, the ridges could help toperfectly center the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens on theunderlying intraocular lens. Such an approach allows the ridges of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens' haptics to capture the underlyingintraocular lens at the edge and perfectly line up the optical center ofthe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens' optic with the optical centerof the intraocular lens. This alignment helps to reduce or avoid inducedoptical aberrations or induced prisms caused by optical centermisalignment. This provides a strong contributing benefit overconventional refractive fine-tuning modalities.

Note that in any of the above examples, the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens could possibly be designed so that only the haptics of theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens extend under the anterior leafletof the capsular wall in a patient's eye. This allows the haptics to becaptured and confined by the anterior leaflet while leaving the opticallens of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens free and generallyunobscured by the surrounding tissue in the patient's eye.

Also note that, in some embodiments, the surgical tool disclosed in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 16/280,235 (which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety) may be used to help implant an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens. For example, this tool may be used toseparate at least part of the anterior leaflet of a patient's eye froman implanted intraocular lens, allowing haptics of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens to be inserted between the anterior leafletand the intraocular lens. As another example, this tool may be used toseparate the anterior leaflet of a patient's eye from an implantedintraocular pseudophakic contact lens, allowing the intraocularpseudophakic contact lens to be removed (and possibly replaced).

In addition, it should be appreciated from the description above that awide variety of optical lenses or other optical devices may be used asthe optical lens of any given intraocular pseudophakic contact lens.This enables intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses to be used toprovide a wide variety of vision corrections in patients' eyes whenjoined with intraocular lenses in the patients' eyes. As noted above,for example, intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses may be used to helpcorrect myopia, hyperopia, and/or astigmatism refractive errors inpatients' eyes. As other examples, intraocular pseudophakic contactlenses may be used to provide magnification for low-vision patients, toprovide guided focal points by way of adjusted prisms, and/or to providevariable apertures (such as pin holes, cat's eye structures, and/orstenopaeic slits). As other examples, intraocular pseudophakic contactlenses may be used to provide various forms of vision correction (suchas multi-focal, astigmatic, depth of focus, asymmetrical cornea, and/orphotochromic correction), to provide for drug delivery, to provide UVprotection, and/or to support dysphotopsia treatment. In general, thisdisclosure is not limited to any specific types or shapes of opticallenses in intraocular pseudophakic contact lens or to any specific typesof treatments using intraocular pseudophakic contact lens.

Although FIGS. 1 through 36 illustrate examples of intraocularpseudophakic contact lens, various changes may be made to FIGS. 1through 36. For example, any suitable combination of features shown inFIGS. 1 through 36 could be used together in a single intraocularpseudophakic contact lens, whether or not that specific combination offeatures is shown in the figures or described above. As a particularexample, any of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses shown inFIGS. 1 through 36 could include one or more pins at one or more desiredlocations, one or more ridges along the bottom surface(s) of itshaptic(s) to aid in the capture of an intraocular lens and centration onthe intraocular lens, and/or one or more lips to help capture theintraocular lens. Also, each intraocular pseudophakic contact lens couldinclude any suitable number of each component shown in any of thefigures. While the figures have shown the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lenses as having two, three, or four haptics (some at an evenspacing of 120° or 180°), any number of haptics (with or withoutassociated pins, ridges, lips, or other structures) could be used.Further, the forms of the haptics shown here are examples only, and anyother suitable structures could be used to capture, confine, or attachto the anterior leaflet of a capsular wall in a patient's eye. Inaddition, a number of other features could be used at one or morelocations of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lenses. For instance,one or more alignment markings could be provided to identify properalignment of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens with theintraocular lens, or one or more drug-eluting materials could be placedon top, side, or bottom surfaces of the optical lenses in theintraocular pseudophakic contact lenses.

FIG. 37 illustrates an example intraocular lens and an exampleintraocular pseudophakic contact lens in a patient's eye 3700 accordingto this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 37, the eye 3700 includes a cornea3702, a sclera 3704, and an iris 3706. The cornea 3702 represents theclear front portion of the eye 3700 through which light passes to enterinto the eye 3700. The sclera 3704 is the tough outer white portion ofthe eye. The iris 3706 controls the size of the eye's pupil to therebycontrol the amount of light from the cornea 3702 that enters into theinterior of the eye 3700.

The eye 3700 also includes a capsular bag 3708, which typically holdsthe natural crystalline lens of the eye 3700. However, in this example,the natural crystalline lens has been removed and replaced with anintraocular lens 3710 having an optical lens 3712 and one or morehaptics 3714. The optical lens 3712 of the intraocular lens 3710receives light entering the eye and focuses the light onto the retina ofthe eye 3700. The haptics 3714 of the intraocular lens 3710 help to holdthe intraocular lens 3710 within the capsular bag 3708 so that theoptical lens 3712 of the intraocular lens 3710 is in a desired positionwithin the eye.

An intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 has also been placed onthe intraocular lens 3710 within the capsular bag 3708. The intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3716 can represent any of the intraocularpseudophakic contact lenses described above or any other suitableintraocular pseudophakic contact lens. The intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3716 is placed on the anterior surface of the intraocularlens 3710, meaning the front surface of the intraocular lens 3710 withrespect to the eye 3700. Light enters through the cornea 3702 and passesthrough the pupil before entering the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 3716, which modifies the light. The modified light then passesthrough the optical lens 3712 of the intraocular lens 3710 and is againmodified. The twice-modified light then travels through the remainder ofthe eye 3700 to reach the retina at the back of the eye 3700.

As described above, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716includes one or more haptics that extend a short distance and fit underan anterior leaflet 3718 of the capsular bag 3708. This allows thehaptics to be captured and confined by the anterior leaflet 3718 (andpossibly attach to the anterior leaflet 3718 via fibrosis orre-fibrosis). The anterior leaflet 3718 represents the outer portion ofthe front side of the capsular bag 3708 that remains after acapsulorhexis is formed in the capsular bag 3708. The insertion of thehaptics of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 under theanterior leaflet 3718 helps to secure the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3716 in place. In some cases, the healing process in theeye 3700 can cause fibrosis to occur, which could also attach theanterior leaflet 3718 to the haptics of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3716.

Note that the haptics of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716are shorter or smaller than the haptics 3714 of the intraocular lens3710. This is because the haptics 3714 of the intraocular lens 3710extend generally to the top and bottom of the capsular bag 3708 and helpto hold the intraocular lens 3710 in the proper position within thecapsular bag 3708. The haptics of the intraocular pseudophakic contactlens 3716 need not extend to the top and bottom of the capsular bag 3708and instead may only extend a short distance under the anterior leaflet3718.

By properly selecting the optical lens of the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens 3716, the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 canideally correct any residual refractive error that remains afterimplantation of the intraocular lens 3710 or provide any other desiredvision correction in the patient's eye 3700. If necessary, theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 can also be removed andreplaced with a different intraocular pseudophakic contact lens. Thismay be needed or desired if the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens3716 does not properly correct the residual refractive error, if theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 actually causes additionalrefractive errors, or if some other form of vision correction is neededor desired.

Although FIG. 37 illustrates one example of an intraocular lens and oneexample of an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens in a patient's eye,various changes may be made to FIG. 37. For example, the intraocularlens 3710 could be attached to any other intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens. Also, there are a number of intraocular lenses available,and an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens could be coupled to anyother suitable intraocular lens in the eye 3700.

FIG. 38 illustrates an example method 3800 for using an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens with an intraocular lens according to thisdisclosure. As shown in FIG. 38, residual refractive error in apatient's eye having an intraocular lens is identified at step 3802.This could include, for example, personnel testing the patient's visionand identifying any refractive error that remains after implantation ofthe intraocular lens 3710. The testing could be done in any suitablemanner, such as by using intraoperative wavefront aberrometry. One goalof the testing can be to identify what refractive errors exist in thepatient's eye after implantation of the intraocular lens in thepatient's eye. This testing could be performed at any suitable time,such as after a lensectomy procedure. Note, however, that this step isoptional since an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens may be used toprovide other forms of vision correction in a patient's eye and does notnecessarily need to correct a residual refractive error.

An intraocular pseudophakic contact lens (IOPCL) is selected, such as tocorrect the identified residual refractive error or to provide someother form of vision correction, at step 3804. This could include, forexample, personnel selecting an intraocular pseudophakic contact lensfrom a kit, where the selected intraocular pseudophakic contact lens hasan optical lens that substantially neutralizes the identified residualrefractive error. This could also include the personnel selecting anoptical lens from a kit and inserting the optical lens into anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens, where the selected optical lenssubstantially cancels the identified residual refractive error. Thiscould further include the personnel obtaining an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens having a custom-designed optical lens orobtaining a custom-designed optical lens for insertion into anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens, where the custom-designed opticallens substantially cancels the identified residual refractive error. Inaddition, this could include the personnel obtaining (in whatevermanner) an intraocular pseudophakic contact lens that provides a desiredamount of magnification, multi-focality, or other form of visioncorrection. In general, any mechanism can be used to obtain a suitableintraocular pseudophakic contact lens.

The selected intraocular pseudophakic contact lens is inserted into thepatient's eye at step 3806. This could include, for example, a surgeonor other personnel forming a small incision in the patient's eye andinserting the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens into the eye throughthe incision. The intraocular pseudophakic contact lens can be rolled,folded, or otherwise reduced in cross-sectional size in order to insertthe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens through a smaller incision.

One or more haptics of the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens areinserted under the anterior leaflet of the capsular wall in thepatient's eye at step 3808. This could include, for example, the surgeonor other personnel placing the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens3716 at a desired position (and possibly in a desired orientation) onthe intraocular lens 3710. This could also include the surgeon or otherpersonnel moving the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 so thatits haptics (in whatever form) slide under the anterior leaflet 3718 ofthe capsular bag 3708.

A vision test for the patient occurs at step 3810. The vision test couldbe done in any suitable manner, such as by using intraoperativewavefront aberrometry. This vision test could also be performed at anysuitable time, such as during the surgical procedure in which theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens is being implanted or after thesurgical procedure has been completed. A determination is made whetherthe tested vision is satisfactory at step 3812. This could include, forexample, personnel determining whether the patient's eye is stillexperiencing any residual refractive error and, if so, to what extent.This could also include personnel determining whether the patient's eyerequires additional magnification, multi-focality, or other form ofvision correction.

A determination is made whether to change the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens at step 3814. This could include, for example, thepersonnel and the patient determining whether the remaining residualrefractive error (if any) is inconvenient or otherwise problematic forthe patient or otherwise determining whether the current visioncorrection is inadequate. If so, different steps could be taken to tryand fix the problem. For instance, the currently-implanted intraocularpseudophakic contact lens could be repositioned to adjust for cylinderaxis correction. If that fails, another intraocular pseudophakic contactlens is selected at step 3816. This could include, for example,personnel selecting another intraocular pseudophakic contact lens that(ideally) provides a better refractive correction or other visioncorrection for the patient's eye compared to the currently-insertedintraocular pseudophakic contact lens. The currently-insertedintraocular pseudophakic contact lens is removed from the patient's eyeat step 3818. This could include, for example, the surgeon or otherpersonnel sliding the haptics of the currently-inserted intraocularpseudophakic contact lens 3716 from under the anterior leaflet 3718 andremoving the currently-inserted intraocular pseudophakic contact lens3716 from the patient's eye. The process then returns to step 3806,where the newly-selected intraocular pseudophakic contact lens can beinserted into the patient's eye and the vision test can be repeated.

After the process shown in FIG. 38 is over, the haptics of the implantedintraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 can be captured/confined bythe anterior leaflet 3718 of the capsular bag 3708 in the patient's eye.This helps to hold the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716 inplace. Moreover, the healing process in the patient's eye can optionallycause fibrosis or re-fibrosis to occur, which could physically attachthe haptics of the implanted intraocular pseudophakic contact lens 3716to the anterior leaflet 3718 of the capsular bag 3708.

Although FIG. 38 illustrates one example of a method 3800 for using anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens with an intraocular lens, variouschanges may be made to FIG. 38. For example, while shown as a series ofsteps, various steps in FIG. 38 could overlap, occur in parallel, occurin a different order, or occur any number of times.

It may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words andphrases used throughout this patent document. The terms “include” and“comprise,” as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion withoutlimitation. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and/or. The phrase“associated with,” as well as derivatives thereof, may mean to include,be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within,connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperatewith, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have,have a property of, have a relationship to or with, or the like. Thephrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means thatdifferent combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used,and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, “at least oneof: A, B, and C” includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, Aand B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C.

The description in this patent document should not be read as implyingthat any particular element, step, or function is an essential orcritical element that must be included in the claim scope. Also, none ofthe claims is intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) with respect to anyof the appended claims or claim elements unless the exact words “meansfor” or “step for” are explicitly used in the particular claim, followedby a participle phrase identifying a function. Use of terms such as (butnot limited to) “mechanism,” “module,” “device,” “unit,” “component,”“element,” “member,” “apparatus,” “machine,” “system,” “processor,”“processing device,” or “controller” within a claim is understood andintended to refer to structures known to those skilled in the relevantart, as further modified or enhanced by the features of the claimsthemselves, and is not intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f).

While this disclosure has described certain embodiments and generallyassociated methods, alterations and permutations of these embodimentsand methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly,the above description of example embodiments does not define orconstrain this disclosure. Other changes, substitutions, and alterationsare also possible without departing from the spirit and scope of thisdisclosure, as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus comprising: an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens comprising: an optical lens; and hapticsextending radially from the optical lens and configured to be insertedunder an anterior leaflet of a capsular wall in an eye in order tocapture and confine the haptics under the anterior leaflet and securethe intraocular pseudophakic contact lens against an artificialintraocular lens in the eye; wherein anterior surfaces of the hapticsare configured to contact an inner capsular wall surface at the anteriorleaflet; wherein posterior surfaces of the haptics comprise ridgesconfigured to capture at least one edge of the artificial intraocularlens in order to secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to theartificial intraocular lens; and wherein different portions of theoptical lens provide different amounts of magnification such that afirst portion of the optical lens provides a first amount ofmagnification and a second portion of the optical lens provides a secondamount of magnification.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the firstportion of the optical lens provides a specified amount ofmagnification; and the second portion of the optical lens provides lessor no magnification.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the firstportion of the optical lens provides a specified amount of magnificationand forms a central region of the optical lens; and the second portionof the optical lens provides less or no magnification relative to thespecified amount of magnification and forms an annular region around thefirst portion of the optical lens.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:the first portion of the optical lens provides a specified amount ofmagnification and forms a lower portion of the optical lens, the firstportion of the optical lens having an upper boundary extending straightacross the optical lens; and the second portion of the optical lensprovides less or no magnification relative to the specified amount ofmagnification and forms a remaining portion of the optical lens abovethe first portion of the optical lens.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein: the first portion of the optical lens provides a specifiedamount of magnification and is positioned in a lower portion of theoptical lens, the first portion of the optical lens having an upperboundary extending straight across part of the optical lens; and thesecond portion of the optical lens provides less or no magnificationrelative to the specified amount of magnification and is positionedabove and around the first portion of the optical lens.
 6. The apparatusof claim 1, wherein the ridge of each haptic comprises a lip projectingfrom the ridge and extending inward from the ridge.
 7. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the optical lens is configured to at least partiallycorrect a residual refractive error in the eye, the residual refractiveerror comprising a refractive error that exists in the eye afterimplantation of the artificial intraocular lens in the eye.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second amounts ofmagnification are not based on a residual refractive error in the eye.9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intraocular pseudophakiccontact lens comprises at least three second haptics extending radiallyfrom the optical lens.
 10. A system comprising: an artificialintraocular lens comprising a first optical lens and first hapticsconfigured to be implanted within a capsular bag in an eye; and anintraocular pseudophakic contact lens comprising: a second optical lens;and second haptics extending radially from the second optical lens andconfigured to be inserted under an anterior leaflet of a capsular wallin the eye in order to capture and confine the second haptics under theanterior leaflet and secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lensagainst the artificial intraocular lens in the eye; wherein anteriorsurfaces of the second haptics are configured to contact an innercapsular wall surface at the anterior leaflet; wherein posteriorsurfaces of the second haptics comprise ridges configured to capture atleast one edge of the artificial intraocular lens in order to secure theintraocular pseudophakic contact lens to the artificial intraocularlens; and wherein different portions of the second optical lens providedifferent amounts of magnification such that a first portion of thesecond optical lens provides a first amount of magnification and asecond portion of the second optical lens provides a second amount ofmagnification.
 11. The system of claim 10, wherein: the first portion ofthe second optical lens provides a specified amount of magnification;and the second portion of the second optical lens provides less or nomagnification.
 12. The system of claim 10, wherein: the first portion ofthe second optical lens provides a specified amount of magnification andforms a central region of the second optical lens; and the secondportion of the second optical lens provides less or no magnificationrelative to the specified amount of magnification and forms an annularregion around the first portion of the second optical lens.
 13. Thesystem of claim 10, wherein: the first portion of the second opticallens provides a specified amount of magnification and forms a lowerportion of the second optical lens, the first portion of the secondoptical lens having an upper boundary extending straight across thesecond optical lens; and the second portion of the second optical lensprovides less or no magnification relative to the specified amount ofmagnification and forms a remaining portion of the second optical lensabove the first portion of the second optical lens.
 14. The system ofclaim 10, wherein: the first portion of the second optical lens providesa specified amount of magnification and is positioned in a lower portionof the second optical lens, the first portion of the second optical lenshaving an upper boundary extending straight across part of the secondoptical lens; and the second portion of the second optical lens providesless or no magnification relative to the specified amount ofmagnification and is positioned above and around the first portion ofthe second optical lens.
 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the ridgeof each haptic comprises a lip projecting from the ridge and extendinginward from the ridge.
 16. The system of claim 10, wherein the secondoptical lens is configured to at least partially correct a residualrefractive error in the eye, the residual refractive error comprising arefractive error that exists in the eye after implantation of theartificial intraocular lens in the eye.
 17. The system of claim 10,wherein the first and second amounts of magnification are not based on aresidual refractive error in the eye.
 18. The system of claim 10,wherein the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens comprises at leastthree second haptics extending radially from the second optical lens.19. The system of claim 10, wherein the second haptics are shorter thanthe first haptics.
 20. An apparatus comprising: an intraocularpseudophakic contact lens comprising: an optical lens; and at leastthree haptics extending radially from the optical lens and configured tobe inserted under an anterior leaflet of a capsular wall in an eye inorder to capture and confine the haptics under the anterior leaflet andsecure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens against an artificialintraocular lens in the eye; wherein anterior surfaces of the hapticsare configured to contact an inner capsular wall surface at the anteriorleaflet; wherein posterior surfaces of the haptics comprise ridges andlips projecting inward from the ridges, the ridges and lips configuredto capture at least one edge of the artificial intraocular lens in orderto secure the intraocular pseudophakic contact lens to the artificialintraocular lens; wherein each of the haptics comprises an inner portionand an outer portion; wherein the inner portion of each haptic ispositioned between the optical lens and the outer portion of the haptic;wherein the inner portion of each haptic projects outward andposteriorly from the optical lens; wherein, for each haptic, the ridgeis defined where a larger thickness of the outer portion of the hapticmeets a smaller thickness of the inner portion of the haptic; andwherein different portions of the optical lens provide different amountsof magnification such that a first portion of the optical lens providesa specified amount of magnification and a second portion of the opticallens provides less or no magnification relative to the specified amountof magnification.